CLASS 7 CHAPTER-16 EMERGENCE OF INDEPENDENT STATES

(D) ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN BRIEF-----

1.QUESTION-

State two factors responsible for the rise of independent states in India.

ANSWER-

Two factors responsible for the rise of independent states in India are-

a)The wars of succession

b)Local and regional forces started emerging in India.

2.QUESTION-

Name the states that openly asserted their independence from the Mughal Empire.

ANSWER-

States that openly asserted their independence from the Mughal empire were the Sikhs, the Marathas and the Rajputs.

3.QUESTION-

Name the two main taxes levied by the Marathas.

ANSWER-

Chauth

Sardeshmukhi

4.QUESTION-

Explain guerilla warfare of Marathas.

ANSWER-

Guerilla warfare suited the mountains region were a small band of soldiers could easily attack the large enemy force and then run away to safety.

5.QUESTION

State the condition of Indian society in the eighteenth century.

ANSWER

India of eighteenth century lacked social unity due to feudal divisions and economic disparity. The condition of the women was not good.

(E) ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS-

1.QUESTION

How did the three Nawabs of Bengal encourage trade?

ANSWER

1.All three Nawabs of Bengal provided all facilities to the local and foreign merchants. 

2.They built roads, thanas etc.

3. They even forced the officials of the East India Company to obey the laws of the land and pay the some customs duty as was paid by local merchants.

2.QUESTION

Why did Banda Bahadur fail to strengthen the Sikh power?

ANSWER

Banda Bahadur tried to unite the peasants and the lower castes and wage an unequal war against the Mughal army but failed.

 The upper castes in Punjab were against him and hence, joined his opponents.

3.QUESTION

What were the main features of the Maratha administration?

ANSWER

1.An efficient team of officers ran the administration under the Maratha king.

2. There were 280 forts in Sivaji's possession.

 3.A Havaldar controlled each fort and the surrounding territory. 

4.The army was divided into different grades.

4.QUESTION

Mention the steps taken by Tipu Sultan to challenge the authority of British.

ANSWER

The steps taken by Tipu Sultan to challenge the authority of British were as follows-

a) The organized his army on European style.

b)He sent his ambassadors to  France, Turkey, Iran and Arab states to seek help against the British.

c)He tried to modernized  his naval power to strengthen his power and to develop external trade.

5.QUESTION

Explain the achievements of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

ANSWER

The achievements of Maharaja Ranjit Singh were as follow-

1. He captured Lahore and Amritsar.

2.He brought all the Sikh Chiefs under his control.

3.He also conquered Kashmir, Peshwar and Multan.

4.He manufactured cannons.

5.He was a clever diplomat.